Fastening device.



G. C. SNYDER.

FASTENING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 11. 1913.

"It mwms warms co I'Notmunw WASHING mm D r Patented Nov. 14, 1916.

ATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE G. SNYDER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FASTENING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 17, 1913. Serial No. 790,236.

1 '0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE O. SNYDER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of New York, county of New York, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fastening Devices; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains, to make and use the same.

The invention relates to a simple and efli- I cient fastening device in the form of a onepiece hollow stud or eyelet, which may be used alone or in conjunction with other fastening devices or elements, and which is adapted to be firmly secured to sheet fabrics and textiles of all kinds, from the thinnest and sheerest gauze to the heaviest leather or textiles, without danger of tearing out or injuring the fabric.

To this end, the invention comprises, primarily, a hollow stud or eyelet .made from a single piece of sheet metal having the bodv thereof formed with an outer shell, preferably with a peripheral basal flange, and an inner tubular shell turned inward and spaced from the outer shell and preferably extended in an axial direction beyond the basal flange on theouter shell, the extended portion of the inner shell being adapted to form an outwardly turned flange cooperating with the flange on the outer shell to clamp the material, to which the studor eyelet is applied, between the flanges, after the fabric has been pierced or perforated and the edges surrounding the perforation forced inward into the space between the inner and outer shells where an additional clamping action on the fabric may be produced by compressing or constricting the inner and outer shells with respect to each other.

A further object of the invention is to provide a fastening device comprising a hollow stud or eyelet of the character indicated, associated with a head member which may be either integral therewith or attached thereto to constitute a button cooperating with a standard button hole, or in'the alternative, to constitute one or both members of a separable fastening such as commonly employed in fastening gloves, curtains,. garments and the like.

Various applications of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, 1n which,

Figure 1 is a vertical section through a hollow stud or eyelet illustrating the mode of preliminarily applying the fabric thereto. Fig. 2 is a. similar view showing the mode of forcing the fabric into the space between the inner and outer shells of the stud or eyelet. Fig. 3 is a corresponding view showing the formation of the flange on the inner tubular shell, thereby securing the fastening device to the fabric. Fig. 4 is a vertical section through a hollow stud or eyelet associated with a separate button head and the means for attaching the head to the stud or eyelet. Fig. 5 is a plan view'of the device shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a modification showing a one-piece button made in accordance with the invention. Fig. 7 is a section through a separable fastener of the glove type involving a stud member and a socket member, each made in accordance with the invention, the two members being shown as initially applied to the fabric flaps. Fig. 8 is a corresponding view showing the separable fastening, as illustrated in Fig. 7, attached to the respective flaps. Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional detail showing a modified form of the cooperating flanges 0n ghe outer and inner shells of the stud memer. Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings, a hollow stud or eyelet member is formed of a single piece of material, prefthe basal flange 2 on the outer shell as in-. dicated in Figs. 1 and 2. The hollow studs or eyelets having the form and physical I characteristics just described may be man-,

ufactured by any machinery suitable for the purpose, and are designed to besold to the users with the lower portion of the inner shell extending in alinement with the main body portion of said inner shell, as indicated. Obviously, the hollow stud or evelet, as described, may be made of any suitable material, but will preferably be constructed from single pieces ofnon-corrosive sheet metal capable of being stamped, drawn,

punched or otherwise worked into the de- 'if the fabric is of a textilev nature, and v merely stretching and parting the fibers or body constituents of the material when: the I latter is leather or other. similar material.

The tool 00 is then removed and a tubular .n andrel, such as in Fig. 2,'is applied to .jected end of the inner shell 3 into the an- .nular space between the inner and outer force the material surrounding the pro- 7 shells,-thereby causing the material to be snubbed in a circular or annular bite about therim or edge formed by the unction of the basal flange 2 with the outer shell 1. The tubular mandrel. z is then withdrawn and anupsetting: die punch preferably of the form shown at z in Fig. 3 is passed through the open center'of the stud or eyelet and .the latter is forced downward against the rounded anvil or shoulder of the punch, byany appropriate means, thereby causlng the projected end of the inner shell to be turned outwardly to form a flange l, substantially parallel with the flange 2 and securely clamping the fabric a between the flanges 2 and 4, the maximum clamping effect being produced between the interior ,angle formed at the junction of flange 4 with the inner shell and the exterior angle formed. by thejunction of the. flange 2 of Kthe, exterior shell. .It will be observed that ithe fabric is notonly compressed between the flanges 2 and l, but. is stronglycompressed and. gripped in the angles between the-flanges and. the inner and outer shells respectively, and if desired, a still further clampingeifect may be produced by compressing orconstricting the annular space -"..b"etween' the innerand outer shells above the I flanges thereon, which may beeaccomplished by making' the spindle of. the-die punch a Qabove the anvil taperingso as. to; spread or expand the innerlishell, as 'jshown; in Fig.3. .lfItWill also 'be :noted that the fabric is .,clamped'in an annular zone sufficiently re-. Jmote from the rim or edge of the hole in the fabric madebythepunch a: to prevent the fabric raveling .or tearing loose when .strain isput upon the fabric.

The particular. exemplification of the invention illustrated in Figs 4 and ing 7V-O1YeS'the "WP Q -hQ S d .or eye- -41 forme s aa iae egp ec o ashe f a rial, as that illustrated in Figs; 1- to 3 inclusive, and applied to the fabric in the same manner and to the same effect. In addition to the hollow stud or eyelet however, the fastening device is provided with a button head 7, which may be of metal,

bone, rubber, celluloid, or other suitable composition or material, having a tubular neck 8, which surrounds the outer wall 1 of the hollow stud or eyelet. The latter is applied to the fabric as hereinbefore indicated. Thebutton head is slipped over the stud or eyelet and subjected to the action of a spreading punch 10, which enters the hollow of the stud or'eyelet andexpands the upper portion thereof laterally to cause the upper edge of the outer wall to curloverin a rounded flange or head 5 to engage the annular opening in the head 7 while the inner wall 2 is pressed outwardly as at 6, thereby not only affording a rigid clamping 'action between the hollow stud or eyelet and the head '7, but also serving to more effectively finish the rivet like joint between the hollow stud or eyelet and the button head. It will be noted that the bead-like flange 5 on the stud or eyelet affords a neat, smooth joint between the stud or eyelet and the button head, and thereby eliminates the rough, unsightly and objectionable features of the old types of buttons which were secured by the ordinary forms of hollow rivets or studs, and obviates the necessity of an extra cap piece.

In Fig. 6 there is illustrated a modifica tion of the invention, in which the button head 7 is formed as an integral part of the inner and outer shells 1 and 3 respectively,

the outer'shell 1 being extended outwardly to form the bottom wall of the button head and the innershell 3 being similarly extended to form the upper wall of the button head 7 This embodiment of the invention constitutes a one-piece button which may be applied to its intended use in the same manner and to the same effect as the hollow stud or .eyelet exemplified in the first three Figs. 4 and 5, in each case the junction be- 1 and 3 and the flanges 2 and 4.

.In Figs. 7 and 8, the invention is shown as applied to separable "fasteners; of the glove type,:in which both the stud and socket members of the fastener are formed of a single piece of sheet metal in accordance with the invention. As illustrated, the stud member comprises an outershell 1 having a tubular neck terminating in a basal "flange 2', theouter portion of theshelljhaving a bulbous or globular form. The inner shell 3" is formed with a similar concentric bul-,

bous or., g lobularbody'fportion terminating figures, or the two-piece button shownin in a tubular neck portion projecting beyond the flange 2 so that an annular space is left between the inner and outer shells. The socket member which is made sufliciently large to receive the stud member is formed in substantially the same manner, comprising the bulbous outer shell 1" with the basal flange 2", and the bulbous inner shell 3", terminating in the tubular or cylindrical neck. Both the stud and the socket members are preferably kerfed or slotted diametrically to render the respective members sufiiciently springy or resilient to permit the stud to be forced into locking engagement with the socket. Preferably, the kerf 8 in the stud member is disposed at right angles to the corresponding kerf 8 in the socket member. The two unitary members of the separable fasteners are attached to the respective flaps of the gloves, garments, or other articles to which they are to be applied, in the same manner as the other forms of the invention, namely, by threading the flaps of the fabric over the projected tubular ends of the inner walls of the respective fastener members and then turning down the flanges 4 and 4: on the stud and socket members respectively, into clamping engagement with the fabric, as illustrated in Fig. 8.

Fig. 9 exemplifies a modification of the clamping action between the flanges on the inner and outer shells of the stud member, the flange 2 on the outer shell 1 being bent first horizontally and then vertically, while the flange 4 on the inner shell 3 is made somewhat narrower and is adapted to be bent horizontally to lie in'the angle between the horizontal and vertical portions of the flange 2, thereby securing a double snubbing or gripping action between the corresponding edges or angles of the flanges and the fabric and also causing the flange P to lie below the surface of the fabric or substantially countersunk in the fabric to prevent the metal part of the fastening device coming in contact with the body of the wearer or with other adjacent fabrics.

What I claim is 1. A fastening device for fabrics comprising a hollow stud or eyelet formed of a single piece and involving an outer tubular shell and an inner co-axial tubular shell, said shells being substantially parallel and defining an annular space between them, a portion of the fabric being inserted between said shells and the inner shell being expanded to clamp the fabric in said annular space between the shells, substantially as described.

2. A fastening device for fabrics comprising an outer shell, a co-a-Xial tubular inner shell spaced from the outer shell to form an annular space in which a portion of the fabric is inserted, and cooperating flanges on the outer and inner shells to grip the fabric in serted between the shells, the walls of the inner shell being spread into close proximity with the walls of the outer shell to clamp the fabric in said annular space.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE C. SNYDER.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR L. BRYANT, CHAS. J. ONEILL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

